Keywords
drug induced gingival overgrowth
hypertension
Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases affect a large number of adult populations worldwide including Nepal. Amlodipine is a third generation Calcium channel antagonist that is commonly used as antihypertensive. Drug induced gingival overgrowth is an important adverse effect noted with various drugs including amlodipine. The number of patients under amlodipine therapy appears to be steadily increasing largely due to the preference of this drug over other antihypertensive drugs.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of amlodipine-induced gingival overgrowth.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among patients taking amlodipine and attending the outpatient department (OPD) of Cardiology Unit, National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS) Bir Hospital, from 2013 May to 2013 December. Basic demographic information were collected in Cardiology Unit and patients with gingival overgrowth were recalled in the Periodontology and Oral Implantology Unit of Dental OPD for intraoral examination. The data collected were analysed statistically using SPSS software version 17.
Results: Among 73 patients examined, 20 (27.4%) had gingival overgrowth. Thus, the prevalence of gingival overgrowth was 27.4% and it was found to be higher in males as compared to females. The prevalence of gingival overgrowth was found to be related to the degree of oral hygiene and gingival inflammation.
Conclusions: From this study, it can be concluded that there exists an association between use of amlodipine and gingival overgrowth. Therefore, a closer collaboration between medical and dental clinical team is necessary for the joint management of people taking amlodipine.
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